You now know what MAGI is, and you know how the benefits cliff works. This article covers the actual tool that connects the two: a Traditional retirement account.

"Traditional" here is a specific tax term — it doesn't mean old-fashioned or basic. It refers to a category of retirement accounts where your contributions are made pre-tax, which is exactly the feature that reduces your MAGI.

What "pre-tax" actually means

When you contribute to a Traditional IRA or a Traditional 401(k), that money is subtracted from your income before it's counted for tax purposes — and before it's counted toward your MAGI. You don't pay income tax on it now. Instead, you pay tax later, when you withdraw the money in retirement.

"Pre-tax doesn't mean tax-free forever. It means the IRS lets you delay the tax — and in the meantime, that same delay is what lowers your MAGI today."

This delay is the entire mechanism behind the cliff-bridging strategy. The government wants people to save for retirement, so it built in an incentive: contribute now, and your current-year taxable income — and your MAGI — goes down.

The two most common Traditional accounts

A Traditional IRA is available to almost anyone with earned income and can be opened independently at any major brokerage — no employer involvement required. A Traditional 401(k) is only available if your employer offers one, but it allows a much larger contribution, and often comes with an employer match (more on that below).

How to actually open and use one

1

Check whether you have access to an employer 401(k) first

If your employer offers a 401(k) — especially with a match — that's usually worth prioritizing, since an employer match is free money on top of the MAGI benefit. If not, a Traditional IRA is fully available to you independently.

2

Open a Traditional IRA at a brokerage if you don't have a 401(k), or in addition to one

Most major brokerages let you open a Traditional IRA online in about 10 minutes, with no minimum balance required at several of them. See our recommended brokerages for a comparison.

3

Set up a contribution amount based on your specific threshold

Use the benefits cliff calculator to see exactly how much you need to contribute to keep your MAGI under your specific threshold — it's often much less than the full annual limit.

4

Automate it

Set up a recurring monthly contribution rather than relying on remembering to do it manually. This also means you're naturally dollar-cost averaging into the market — buying in consistently rather than trying to time it.

Traditional vs. Roth: why this distinction matters so much

This is the single most common point of confusion on this entire site, so it's worth being explicit: only Traditional contributions reduce your MAGI. A Roth IRA or Roth 401(k) is also a great retirement account — but contributions are made with money you've already paid tax on, which means they do not lower your MAGI at all.

⚠ The most important rule on this site

If your goal is protecting benefits, it must be Traditional — not Roth

If you're trying to stay under a benefits threshold, contributing to a Roth account instead of a Traditional one accomplishes nothing for that goal — even though it's still a good account in other respects. We cover this distinction in much more depth in Roth vs. Traditional: The Choice That Decides Whether You Keep Your Benefits.

What it costs you (and what it doesn't)

The honest tradeoff: money contributed to a Traditional retirement account isn't available to spend right now — it's meant to stay invested until retirement, with penalties for early withdrawal in most cases. That's a real constraint, and it's part of why this strategy works best for income that's genuinely extra — a raise, a new job, additional hours — rather than money you need for today's groceries or rent.

💡 What it gives you in return

Three things happening with the same dollar

A single dollar contributed to a Traditional IRA does three jobs simultaneously: it lowers your taxable income today (smaller tax bill), it lowers your MAGI today (protecting your benefits), and it grows tax-deferred in the market for your future. No other financial move on this site does all three at once.

Now that you understand the foundational pieces — MAGI, the cliff, and the Traditional account that bridges it — the rest of the articles on this site go deeper into specific situations: self-employment, FSAs and HSAs, gig work, and more.

Find your number

Use the calculator to see exactly how much to contribute to a Traditional account to protect your specific benefits.

Try the calculator →

Ready to open an account? See our recommended brokerages →